Difference between TS and CS.
TS vs CS.
According to Article 3 of United Nations Convention on Law of The Sea (UNCLOS) III
Every State has the right to establish the breadth of its territorial sea upto a limit not exceeding 12 nautical miles, measured from baselines determined in accordance with this Convention.
If this would overlap with another state's territorial sea, the border is taken as the median point between the states' baselines, unless the states in question agree otherwise. A state can also choose to claim a smaller territorial sea.
Continental Shelf (CS)
According to Article 76 of United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) III
- The continental shelf of a coastal State comprises the seabed and subsoil of the submarine areas that extend beyond its territorial sea throughout the natural prolongation of its land territory to the outer edge of the continental margin, or to a distance of 200 nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured where the outer edge of the continental margin does not extend up to that distance.
- The continental shelf of a coastal State shall not extend beyond the limits provided for in paragraphs 4 to 6.
- The continental margin comprises the submerged prolongation of the land mass of the coastal State, and consists of the seabed and subsoil of the shelf, the slope and the rise. It does not include the deep ocean floor with its oceanic ridges or the subsoil thereof.
- For the purposes of this Convention, the coastal State shall establish the outer edge of the continental margin wherever the margin extends beyond 200 nautical miles from the baselines
from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured,
- The fixed points comprising the line of the outer limits of the continental shelf on the seabed, drawn in accordance with paragraph 4 (a)(i) and (ii), either shall not exceed 350 nautical miles from the baselines.
Area
Continental Shelf (CS)
Extend to 350 nautical mile from baselines.
Right on Exploration and Exploitation
Continental Shelf (CS)
Coastal State have rights to exploration and exploitation in CS. Others state have no rights to exploration and exploitation without permission of Coastal State.
Continental Shelf (CS)
Coastal State have no rights to use living resources in extended part of CS .
Artificial Island, installation and structure, scientific research
Continental Shelf (CS)
Coastal State have rights to build artificial Island, installation and structure or scientific research in extended part of CS.
Continental Shelf (CS)
All States enjoy the freedoms of navigation and overflight in CS.
Laying of submarine cables and pipelines
Innocent Passage
TS vs CS.
Comparison between Territorial Sea (TS) and (CS) Continental Shelf
Territorial Sea (TS) vs (CS) Continental Shelf
Definition
Territorial Sea (TS)
Every State has the right to establish the breadth of its territorial sea upto a limit not exceeding 12 nautical miles, measured from baselines determined in accordance with this Convention.
If this would overlap with another state's territorial sea, the border is taken as the median point between the states' baselines, unless the states in question agree otherwise. A state can also choose to claim a smaller territorial sea.
According to Article 76 of United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) III
- The continental shelf of a coastal State comprises the seabed and subsoil of the submarine areas that extend beyond its territorial sea throughout the natural prolongation of its land territory to the outer edge of the continental margin, or to a distance of 200 nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured where the outer edge of the continental margin does not extend up to that distance.
- The continental shelf of a coastal State shall not extend beyond the limits provided for in paragraphs 4 to 6.
- The continental margin comprises the submerged prolongation of the land mass of the coastal State, and consists of the seabed and subsoil of the shelf, the slope and the rise. It does not include the deep ocean floor with its oceanic ridges or the subsoil thereof.
- For the purposes of this Convention, the coastal State shall establish the outer edge of the continental margin wherever the margin extends beyond 200 nautical miles from the baselines
from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured,
- The fixed points comprising the line of the outer limits of the continental shelf on the seabed, drawn in accordance with paragraph 4 (a)(i) and (ii), either shall not exceed 350 nautical miles from the baselines.
Area
Territorial Sea (TS)
Maximum 12 nautical miles from baselines.
Extend to 350 nautical mile from baselines.
Right on Exploration and Exploitation
Territorial Sea (TS)
Coastal
State have rights to exploration and exploitation in TS. Others state
have no rights to exploration and exploitation without permission of
Coastal State.
Continental Shelf (CS)
Coastal State have rights to exploration and exploitation in CS. Others state have no rights to exploration and exploitation without permission of Coastal State.
Rights on Surface Water
Territorial Sea (TS)
Coastal State have rights to use living resources in TS.
Coastal State have no rights to use living resources in extended part of CS .
Artificial Island, installation and structure, scientific research
Territorial Sea (TS)
Coastal State have rights to build artificial Island, installation and structure or scientific research in TS.
Continental Shelf (CS)
Coastal State have rights to build artificial Island, installation and structure or scientific research in extended part of CS.
Navigation and Overflight
Territorial Sea (TS)
All States, whether coastal or land-locked, enjoy the freedoms of navigation and overflight in TS.
Continental Shelf (CS)
All States enjoy the freedoms of navigation and overflight in CS.
Laying of submarine cables and pipelines
Territorial Sea (TS)
All States, whether coastal or land-locked, enjoy laying of submarine cables and pipelines in TS.
Continental Shelf (CS)
All States enjoy laying of submarine cables and pipelines in CS.
Continental Shelf (CS)
All States enjoy laying of submarine cables and pipelines in CS.
Innocent Passage
Territorial Sea (TS)
All States, whether coastal or land-locked, enjoy innocent passage in TS.
Continental Shelf (CS)
All States enjoy innocent passage in CS.
Continental Shelf (CS)
All States enjoy innocent passage in CS.
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