Difference between ICC and ICTY and ICTR
Difference between ICC and ICTY and ICTR.
Comparison between ICC and ICTY and ICTR.
Compare and contrast between ICC and ICTY and ICTR.
The International Criminal Court
The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt) is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal that sits in The Hague in the Netherlands. The ICC has the jurisdiction to prosecute individuals for the international crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. The ICC is intended to complement existing national judicial systems and it may therefore only exercise its jurisdiction when certain conditions are met, such as when national courts are unwilling or unable to prosecute criminals or when the United Nations Security Council or individual states refer investigations to the Court.International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
The International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia since 1991, more commonly referred to as the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia or ICTY, is a body of the United Nations established to prosecute serious crimes committed during the Yugoslav Wars, and to try their perpetrators. The tribunal is an ad hoc court which is located in The Hague, Netherlands.International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) was an international court established in November 1994 by the United Nations Security Council in Resolution 955 in order to judge people responsible for the Rwandan Genocide and other serious violations of international law in Rwanda, or by Rwandan citizens in nearby states, between 1 January and 31 December 1994.Difference Between ICC and ICTY and ICTR
The difference between ICJ and ICC are as below
Established
ICC: 1 July 2002
ICTY: 25 May1993
ICTR: Nov1994
Subject Matter
ICC: Trial criminal offenses i.e. genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, crimes of aggression
ICTY: Trial Criminal Offence i.e. grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions, violations of the laws or customs of war, genocide, and crimes against humanity
ICTR: Trial criminal offenses i.e. genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes
Jurisdiction
ICC: Individuals either ratified member of ICC or accept the jurisdiction of ICCICTY: Individuals responsible for serious violations of international humanitarian law in former Yugoslavia
ICTR: Individual responsible for the Rwandan Genocide and other serious violations of international law
Authorized Statute
ICC: Follow Rome StatuteICTY: Resolution 827 of the United Nations Security Council
ICTR: Resolution 955 of the United Nations Security Council
Structure
ICC: ICC Structure (i) Assembly of state parties (ii) Presidency (iii) Judicial Division (iv) Office of the Prosecution (v) Registry
ICTY: ICTY Structure (i) Prosecutors (ii) Chambers (iii) Registry (iv)Detention facilities
ICTR: ICTR Structure( i)Chambers (ii) Office of the Prosecutor (iii) The Registry
Composition of Court
ICC: Composed of eighteen judges elected to nine year terms and not re-elected for further termsICTY: Composed of seven judges elected to four year terms and re-elected for further terms
ICTR: Composed of sixteen judges
Chambers
ICC: Organized into three chambers—i) Pre-Trial Chamber, ii) Trial Chamber, iii) Appeals ChamberICTY: three Trial Chambers and one Appeals Chamber
ICTR: three Trial Chambers and one Appeals Chamber
Independent
ICC: Independent organisation
ICTY: UN
ICTR: UN
Adhoc Judge
ICC: No such provision institure by ICC
ICTY: The state party can send adhoc judge
ICTR: No such provision institure by ICTR
Appeal
ICC: Appeal is instituted by appeal chamber
ICTY: Appeal is instituted by appeal chamber
ICTR: Appeal is instituted by appeal chamber
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